Challenges and Opportunities for the Development of Chinese Cashmere Sweater Industry
(I) Challenges and difficulties From the actual situation, the situation of China's wool industry is not optimistic and faces a series of severe challenges and difficulties. 1, China's wool production is backward, product quality is not high Most of China's wool production is scattered and farmed by farmers, and the scale of farming is small, mainly for small farmers. The proportion of small-scale farmers in the country reached 98.4%, the products provided by small farmers accounted for 73.1%, and the scale of small-scale farmers’ households was only 5, and the total breeding scale of households was only 6.7. There is a shortage of funds to purchase advanced equipment and introduce advanced technologies in the cultivation of pasture varieties, conservation of pastures, introduction of fine sheep breeds, sheep breeding, sheep shearing, wool grading, and packing. The degree of mechanization is low, lack of specialization and division of labor, and labor efficiency Low, lack of economies of scale. Although the quality of wool in the main producing areas of fine wool sheep has been improved, there is a large gap between the quality of domestic wool and the developed countries. The fineness of wool is mainly from 60 to 64, and the transition to 66 to 70 branches, with more than 66 fine wools. Year by year, but the proportion of fine wool and semi-fine wool in China is still very low, and the output of 64-70 can be less than 1/10 of the total fine wool production. However, the production of fine wool sheep is affected by the development of the meat sheep industry. The phenomenon of “reversing and reforming†is serious and the fine wool sheep have a degenerative trend. This means that the disappearance of fine wool sheep breeds will not only lead to a decline in the quality of wool, but also the input from decades will not be produced. The loss of "inverted reform" cannot be measured. Click to check cashmere sweater prices 2, China's domestic wool production is insufficient, unable to meet the demand for raw materials A large number of wool products are exported and consumed in the domestic market, making China a processing wool-consuming country. Taking 2008 as an example, China's domestic sheep's raw wool is 300,000 tons, and after washing, it can use a net of 87,000 tons of wool. In those years, China used a total of 334,000 tons of washed hair, and domestic wool can only meet the demand of 26%. At the same time, due to the rapid development of the domestic mutton sheep industry, the development of the wool industry has suffered a certain impact, and the self-sufficiency of the domestic wool industry has been further reduced. Especially in the aspect of fine-support and ultra-fine wool, the lightness, thinness, and coolness of clothing textiles directly lead to the pursuit of fiber fineness by wool textiles. China's imports of fine-grained and superfine wools have shown strong growth. At present, China implements quota management on wool imports, imposes a low tax rate on in-quota wool, and imposes additional high tax rates. According to the WTO trade rules, the drop in the allocation of additional duties is an inevitable trend, and thus imported wool has a price competitive advantage. Judging from future development trends, the wool prices in the Chinese market are gradually brought into line with the international market, which is likely to cause a large-scale decline in Chinese wool production. While China's wool textile companies are driven by interests, they are certainly willing to purchase inexpensive imported wool, so domestic wool can only be at a disadvantage in competition. It can be imagined that if the cheap Australian wool occupies the Chinese market in large quantities, the Chinese wool industry will face a life and death crisis. Once the Chinese wool industry collapses, imported wool has the conditions to monopolize the Chinese market. Whether the Chinese wool industry will reproduce the bad luck of the soybean industry is worth considering. Click to check cashmere sweater prices 3. China's wool industry management and service system is behind In China, there is a lack of strict management in various industrial chain sections such as breeding, wool production, social service, professional division and collaboration, pasture construction, quality inspection, and wool sales. In particular, the market system for wool circulation needs to be established. The farmers and herdsmen lack a unified sales organization, and they have low bargaining power in the market, and farmers and herdsmen have problems in selling wool and selling hard. The lack of a wool reserve system and the fluctuation of international wool prices have led to unstable domestic wool prices. The lack of an auction link in China's wool circulation system also makes it difficult to achieve high quality, high quality, and high quality wool, which can easily dampen the enthusiasm of wool producers. 4, other fiber products pose a threat to wool consumption The cost of spinning and weaving wool is higher than that of other competitive fibers. Wool is inferior to cotton and man-made fibers in many aspects such as quality, style, fashion, color, and price, especially in the presence of drawbacks such as ease of shrinkage, difficulty in storage, inability to wash, maintenance, etc. Wool products are losing their consumption to some extent. Loved ones. Although ready-to-care and machine washable wool fabrics have appeared on the market, consumers still believe that wool fabrics are not easy to care for. This is also one of the main reasons why wool is not considered suitable for making casual clothing. With the increase in consumer income, they are more likely to purchase fashion clothing to reflect their own personality and taste. Click to check cashmere sweater prices (B) potential and advantages While facing challenges, the Chinese wool industry also has considerable potential and advantages for development. 1. Stable source of raw materials China is a vast country with a vast area of ​​grassland. Pastoral areas such as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia are natural pastures for woolly sheep in China. Since China has a history of raising sheep for several thousand years, the masses have good breeding experience. It is also extremely common for ordinary farmers to raise sheep in small and medium scales to increase household income. In the past 100 years, China has introduced foreign fine wool sheep breeds to breed and improve the original indigenous sheep, and has successively developed 19 Chinese fine wool sheep breeds such as Chinese Merino sheep, Northeast fine-wool sheep and Xinji fine wool sheep. The annual production of fine wool is more than 100,000. Ton. The breeding of these varieties has significant historical significance for the development of the Chinese wool industry. 2, advanced processing technology The use of wool in China has been more than 5,000 years old. Through the efforts and exploration of the working people for generations, we have matured the processing technology of wool from collection to textile, and it is widely grasped by the masses. In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, the processing technology of wool has progressed to varying degrees. Although we were short on fine-count and ultra-fine wool textiles, we have been introducing advanced wool production and processing technologies from Australia and other countries with advanced textile industries in recent years. At present, China's wool processing technology has been Achieve world leading level. 3, widely recognized good quality Wool is a pure natural fiber and has many excellent qualities. What is more important is that wool retains a very vivid image in the eyes of consumers, and is seen as the identity and status symbol, the highest grade and the best texture of the fiber. Most urban white-collar workers believe that quality is the most important feature of business wear. Wool's own quality features make it more and more supporters in the field of formal wear and other clothing. With the process of urbanization in China, the demand for business wear will increase year by year, and wool, especially ultra-fine wool, will face a good opportunity for further increase in demand. With the continuous improvement of the research level of domestic wool, the quality of domestic wool has also continuously improved. Click to check cashmere sweater prices 4, a huge domestic consumer market China is the world’s largest consumer of wool. By the year 2000, China’s wool consumption accounted for 21% of the world’s total. Despite the increase in global wool prices in 2002 and 2003, China still accounted for 17% of total world wool consumption in 2004, ranking first in the world. China's wool consumption in apparel production accounts for 27% of the world's total and is one-third of the world's total wool for clothing. Faced with such a huge consumer market, the Chinese wool industry can be said to have very rare room for development compared with its counterparts in other countries. 5. Significant export market In the past few decades, due to relatively low labor costs, wool processing and textile production have been transferred from developed countries such as Australia and France to developing countries and developing countries such as China and India. China has become the largest producer of textiles and clothing. Exporting countries, including wool apparel exports account for 50% of global exports. This to some extent eased the uncertainty of the added value of wool products due to China's fixed exchange rate, provided an opportunity for China's wool industry to participate in the equal competition in the international market, and for the future development of the Chinese wool industry in a broader area. Provides a guarantee. 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