Talking about Hetian jade culture

和田玉

Hetian jade mineral distribution and deposit overview Xinjiang Hetian jade is distributed in the Kunlun Mountain-Altun Mountain area in the south of the Tarim Basin, from Tashkurgan County in the Kashgar region, to the south of Hetian County in the west, and to the southern part of the Qiemo County in the east. The Hetian jade metallogenic belt is more than 1,100 kilometers long. It is the contact between the Hercynian diorite and the Precambrian crystal limestone. The ore body is cystic and lenticular and is produced in marble.

As the saying goes: Gold is priceless and jade is priceless, indicating that jade is more valuable than gold. Hetian Meiyu is the world, and it is said that China’s jade species is the best of Hetian jade. Hetian jade refers to jade that is produced by special microcrystalline tremolite produced in the Kunlun Mountains and Altun Mountains in southern Xinjiang. Hetian jade is mostly transparent, a few translucent or opaque, grease luster, refractive index of 1.605 ~ 1.620, specific gravity of 2.934 ~ 2.985, Mohs hardness of 6.5 ~ 7. The hand feels heavy, smooth and moist, and the shape is oily and waxy. According to the geological output, it is divided into mountain jade (that is, the original mine produced in the original place) and the jade jade (that is, the river jade, which is washed out to the lower reaches of the river and picked up. High degree, rounded and rounded, smooth surface). Hetian jade has a variety of transition colors, as well as secondary sugar color, skin color, divided into white, blue, ink, yellow four colors, sheep fat jade is the best, white jade, topaz is fine, white jade, jasper, The jade is medium and the jade is inferior. Hetian jade sounds crisp and long and long. According to research, an exquisite jade plate discovered in the Yinxu site in Xiaoyang Village, Anyang, Henan Province in 1931, is made of Hetian jade, which has a history of more than 3,500 years. The unearthed "Jin Yuyu" in the tomb of the Liu Han couple in the Western Han Dynasty 2498 pieces of small jade pieces adorned on the clothes are from Hetian.

The mineral composition and classification of Hetian jade and the mineral composition of Tianyu are mainly tremolite or actinolite, which are fine-grained and needle-like. The associated minerals are chrome spinel, diopside, magnetite, nickel ore. Graphite, monazite, etc. The typical structure is a felt-like structure, that is, the extremely fine fibrous tremolite crystal grains are not directional interwoven into a felt-like shape, and the overall structure is uniform, so that the raw materials have good compactness, "oiliness", toughness and engravability. As the grain size increases, the structure becomes thicker and the quality deteriorates.

Hetian jade mineral distribution and deposit overview Xinjiang Hetian jade is distributed in the Kunlun Mountain-Altun Mountain area in the south of the Tarim Basin, from Tashkurgan County in the Kashgar region, to the south of Hetian County in the west, and to the southern part of the Qiemo County in the east. The Hetian jade metallogenic belt is more than 1,100 kilometers long. It is the contact between the Hercynian diorite and the Precambrian crystal limestone. The ore body is cystic and lenticular and is produced in marble.

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